Browsing by Author "Bezugly, N."
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Item Analytical evaluation of eight-cell cow embryos structure, outwards water and inwards cryo-protectants to ensure successful cryopreservation(University of Namibia, 2013) Mausse, Francisco; Bezugly, N.Modern reproductive techniques use cow embryos at different stages of development. Eight-cell embryos feature a layer comprising seven cells (blastomeres), surrounding the inner cell, making a total of eight. This article analyses outwards water paths and inwards cryo-protectants, within the eight-cell cow embryos and effectiveness of their cryopreservation. Reproductive cycles and superovulation in cows were triggered through reproductive hormones injection. After slaughter, oocytes were harvested and eight-cell embryos were produced in vitro fertilization and through embryo culture. The study included morphological observations to visualize embryo structure, distribution of blastomeres, cell-layers and analytical evaluation as well, to assess distribution of penetrating cryoprotectants within the inner-cell mass. Findings based on the eight-cell embryo structure suggest that the quantity of outwards water and inwards cryo-protectants is symmetrically distributed. Although, the characteristic of water and cryo-protectants movement is expected to be much better in eight-cell embryos, cryo-protectants properties and the modality of cryo-protectants should differ from procedures applied in other class of embryos. Survival rate of cryopreserved eight cell embryos was lower (6.3%) as compared to the results for 7–8 days embryos. Obviously, a successful cryopreservation of eight-cell cow embryos can only be achieved through a combination of both technical and biological parameters.