Browsing by Author "Nashima, Festus P."

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    The potential of rainwater harvesting: A case of the City of Windhoek, Namibia
    (2013) Nashima, Festus P.; Hipondoka, Martin; Iiyambo, Inekela; Hambia, Johannes
    Windhoek, Namibia’s capital has experience for more than 25 years of novel approaches in integrated water management largely driven by the scarcity of water in the area. Notably absent in their approaches how ever, is the rooftop rainwater harvesting which is regarded as one of the viable alternative sources of water for domestic use. This paper assesses the potential economic benefits for rooftop rainwater harvesting for the City of Windhoek. Th e rooftop areas from four representative formal suburbs of Okuryangava ( low income) in the north, Academia (middle income) in the south-central, Pioneers Park (middle income) in the south-west and Ludwigsdorf (high income) in the east, were estimated from high resolution satellite images captured from Google Earth. These estimates were used to extrapolate for the potential amount of rainwater that can be harvested in an average rainy season (i.e. December to April) in the study area. The estimated harvestable amount for each residential area was developed using a simple model that incorporates total rooftop area and estimated rainwater. The derived figure was then expressed in terms of cost per unit prices charged by the City of Windhoek. Pioneers Park attests to have the highest (134 m3) potential harvestable rainwater per household, while Okuryangava is estimated to harvest the least amount of 36 m3 per raining period. Given the high density of erven, however, Okuryangava has a potential to harvest approximately 920484 m3 of water per hectare, ranking this suburb second after Academia, which stands at 1120716 m3. This is a significant amount of water effectively taken from rainwater rooftop that could also provide justifiable saving to residents if used instead of tap water. It is therefore recommended that the City of Windhoek actively promotes rooftop rainwater harvesting for the benefit of residents and also as a measure to reduce storm-water runoff due to urban development.
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    Trophic relationships of three deep-sea crustacean species (Aristeus varidens, Plesionika martia and Funchalia woodwardi) off Namibia
    (University of Namibia, 2015) Endjambi, Tobias; Iitembu, Johannes A.; Nashima, Festus P.
    Trophic ecology of deep-sea crustaceans in the marine waters off Namibia is not well understood, although they form part of diets of important commercial species off Namibia. Study of their trophic relationships enhances our understating of the functioning of marine food webs and avail information needed for consideration of trophic interaction in fisheries management decisions. This study aimed at investigating the trophic relationships of striped red shrimp (Aristeus varidens), golden shrimp (Plesionika martia) and Woodward’s pelagic shrimp (Funchalia woodwardi) using stable isotope (nitrogen 15N) measurements of their muscle tissues. Samples were collected during the 2010 annual hake biomass survey off Namibia. Significant differences were observed in the mean trophic levels and nitrogen (15) measurements of the three species. Funchalia woodwardi showed a negative linear relationship between size and 15 and between depth and 15. Aristeus varidens and P. martia showed no significant linear relationship between 15 and depth or size. This work is the first to examine trophic relationships of the three deep sea crustaceans in the Northern Benguela current ecosystem using stable isotope analysis.