Browsing by Author "Pretorius, Louise"

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    Assessment of the needs of student nurses regarding critical thinking in nursing practice
    (2016) Pretorius, Louise; Van Dyk, Agnes; Small, Louis F.; Amukugo, Hans J.
    This study involved a quantitative, quasi-experimental and contextual design. The target population for this phase was senior student nurses registered at the University of Namibia, in their fourth year of nursing studies in the training hospitals of Windhoek and Oshakati. A total of 46 fourth-year nursing students, registered at the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences in the Department of Nursing, were included for phase 1 except for the two students who took part in the pilot study. The students were from both campuses, namely the Windhoek and Oshakati campuses, doing the four-year Diploma in Comprehensive Nursing curriculum, which incorporates the principles of critical thinking. An imaginary case scenario was developed for students to analyse and answer some relevant questions to enable the researcher to determine the level of understanding and integration of critical thinking. In this study each student’s answers were deductively analysed by calculating central values, more specifically the mean for each question, to determine their application of critical thinking skills in the management of a nursing problem The researcher has, with literature support, arrived at “umbrella” concepts, namely the most important concepts that nurses in Namibia need and without which they cannot practice. These umbrella concepts are to be included in the educational programme.
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    Development of an educational programme to facilitate critical thinking of student nurses in Namibia
    (2016) Pretorius, Louise; Van Dyk, Agnes; Amukugo, Hans J.
    The article focused on the development process of an educational programme to facilitate the development of critical thinking in the students. The study was conducted in four phases, beginning with the needs assessment in phase 1 through which the researcher determine the need of the students in terms of critical thinking. The deductive data analysis of phase 1 served as basis of the conceptual framework for the development of an educational programme. Phase 2 focused on the development of the conceptual framework and it was achieved by utilized a specific educational approaches and philosophical framework were employed. Phase 3 and 4 were conducted simultaneously. Phase 3 focuses on implementation while phase 4 focuses on evaluation. A quasi – experimental design was implemented which focused on active participation by the participants in the programme.
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    An educational programme to facilitate critical thinking by the student nurse in Namibia
    (2008) Pretorius, Louise
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    An educational programme to facilitate critical thinking within the nursing perspective
    (2016) Pretorius, Louise; Van Dyk, Agnes; Small, Louis F.; Amukugo, Hans J.
    This article is focuses on an educational programme to facilitate critical thinking within the nursing perspective. For the purpose of developing an educational programme; the study was conducted in four phases, beginning with a needs assessment in Phase 1 through which the researcher determined the need of student nurses in terms of critical thinking. The deductive data analysis of phase 1 served as conceptual framework for the development of education programme in phase 2. Phase 2 consisted of the development of educational framework to facilitate critical thinking in student nurses. Specific educational approaches and a philosophical framework were employed during the development of the programme. An expert opinion on the programme was obtained before the implementation could be concluded in phase 3. Phase 3 and 3 of the study were conducted simultaneously. Phase 3 covered the implementation of the educational programme and Phase 4 the evaluation. The process itself includes, the purpose of the development of the programme, conducting a situational analysis; utilization of philosophical approaches, developing the educational programme; content of the programme; educational and curriculum approaches integrated into the development of an educational programme and strategies to overcome obstacles during the implementation of an educational programme.
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    Evaluation of an educational programme to facilitate critical thinking of student nurses
    (2016) Pretorius, Louise; Amukugo, Hans J.; Van Dyk, Agnes; Small, Louis F.
    This article deals with phase 4 of the study, namely the evaluation of the educational programme developed in phase 2. The development of the educational programme was aimed at the facilitation of the development of critical thinking in the student nurse. The purpose of phase four (4) was to evaluate whether the researcher had achieved the objective of the educational programme, namely to facilitate the development of critical thinking skills of the final year student nurse. Specific objectives were therefore set for phase 4. Further, hypotheses were formulated and tested during this phase of the study. The aim of formulating a hypothesis was to determine whether any development had taken place in the experimental group who participated in the educational programme. All fourth-year nursing students (47) who complied with the inclusion criteria participated in the educational programme. Each participant consented in writing to be part of the programme—including the pretest and posttest. A total of 53 students participated as the control group in the pretest and posttest. All the participants in the experimental and control groups of the study were registered for the Comprehensive Diploma in Nursing at the University of Namibia. Reasons were advanced in chapter 3 for the fact that the participants in the study were final-year students at the Windhoek and Oshakati campuses of the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences. It was concluded that the implementation and evaluation of a three-day educational programme on the facilitation of the development of critical thinking within a quasi-experimental design had desired results. Students from both the main campus (Windhoek) and the Northern Campus (Oshakati) of the Department of Nursing at the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences of the University of Namibia were included in the quasi-experiment. Internal validity of the design was ensured by eliminating the threats to an experimental design
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    Experiences of men diagnosed with prostate cancer in the four northern regions Namibia
    (2016) Salomo, Salomo; Amukugo, Hans J.; Pretorius, Louise
    This article is aimed at describing the lived experiences of men diagnosed and living with prostate cancer in the four northern regions. A phenomenological, explorative and descriptive design was followed as the basis for conducting the study. The above mentioned research design was achieved through individual in-depth interviews conducted with men diagnosed and living with prostate cancer in the Intermediate Hospital that serves as a referral hospital for cancer patients from all the four northern regions. A sample of ten (10) men, diagnosed and living with prostate cancer, from a population comprised of men between the ages of 39 - 95 was selected using a non-probability purposive sampling technique. This sample size was determined by saturation of data as reflected in repeating themes. Ethical clearance was received from an ethical review committee prior to the conduct of the study. Individual in-depth interviews and field notes were used as a method of data collection. During the interviews, participants were asked one question namely; “What is your experience after being diagnosed with prostate cancer?” Communication skills were employed to encourage participants to verbalize their lived experiences after being diagnosed with prostate cancer. A tape recorder was used to collect data and was transcribed verbatim. Data collected was analyzed in line with Tesch’s eight steps in the coding process. The researcher and an independent qualitative research expert carried out coding. Four themes emerged from the results of the study. It became evident that men diagnosed and living with prostate cancer had different experiences after being diagnosed that resulted in physical discomfort and psychological changes in their bodies. It was recommended that more emphasis should be put on supportive care towards men diagnosed with the disease. Individualized approaches to help men address their thoughts and feelings after being diagnosed with prostate cancer should be considered, as well as the incorporation of strategies that help men to be more effective at obtaining social support.
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    Implementation of an educational programme to facilitate critical thinking of student nurses
    (2016) Pretorius, Louise; Amukugo, Hans J.; Van Dyk, Agnes; Small, Louis F.
    The overall purpose of phase 3 was to implement the educational programme that was developed to facilitate the development of critical thinking in the student nurse. A quasi-experimental design within the quantitative approach for phase 3 was used. The purpose of a quasi-experimental design was to identify and demonstrate casual relationships, examine relationships and clarify why certain events happened. The educational programme was implemented over a period of three days, covering theoretical and practical content. The objectives for this phase were to select the two groups of final-year student nurses to fit the quasi experimental design as the experimental and control group; conduct a pre-test on both the experimental and the control group in Windhoek and Oshakati to determine their application of critical thinking skills to the management of a given case in an imaginary case scenario; implement and facilitate the educational programme over a predetermined period of three days during the second semester of training for the experimental group in Windhoek and ensure active participation by participants for the duration of the educational programme. The population for this study consisted of nursing students in their final year (fourth year) of study at the training hospitals of Windhoek and Oshakati. Both campuses are incorporated in the Faculty of Health Sciences. The full population of the fourth-year class at the Windhoek campus was selected to be part of the experimental group (47 students) and the students from Oshakati (53 students) formed the control group. The total number of students amounted to 100 students.
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    Nursing and radiography students' perceptions of their learning climate at the School of Nursing, University of Namibia
    (2017) Small, Louis F.; Pretorius, Louise; Kuugongelwa, S.; Brinkman, C.; Bampton, Elizabeth L.; Anyolo, Epafras; Haoses-Gorases, Lischen; Amakali, Kristofina
    An effective learning climate is described as being humanistic, authentic, supportive and caring. Both the nurse educators and the institution alike therefore have a key responsibility to provide a caring environment that offers optimal learning opportunities for their students. Nevertheless, in biannual student forums anecdotal comments from the students, sometimes emotion laden and without specific detail, challenges have been identified regarding the learning climate. It was thus evident that problems relating to the learning climate existed among students and that these problems needed to be investigated and documented. The aim of this study was to explore the perceptions of Nursing and Radiography students about their learning climate during the course of their studies at the School of Nursing on the Windhoek campus of the University of Namibia. A quantitative, descriptive and analytical study was conducted during October 2013. The population included all the Nursing and Radiography students enrolled for that academic year at the School of Nursing. A questionnaire that focused on various aspects of the learning climate and support was used after pilot test. Ethical considerations were adhered to. Six of the eleven items discussed obtained a median score of less than 2.5 out of a possible 5, which is regarded as less than average. Suitable recommendations were subsequently submitted
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    Nursing and radiography students' perceptions on their wellbeing at the School of Nursing, university of Namibia
    (2016) Small, Louis F.; Pretorius, Louise; Walters, A.; Kuugongelwa, S.; De Villiers, E.; Amakali, Kristofina; Anyolo, Epafras; Bampton, Elizabeth L.; Brinkman, C.; Nelumbu, Lucia N.
    This paper discusses a report of perception of wellbeing among nursing and radiography students at the School of Nursing of the University of Namibia. A mixed method of descriptive, analytical quantitative and qualitative study was conducted to gather data on self-report perception of wellbeing among the study and target population of 440 Nursing students (both undergraduate and postgraduate) and Radiography students registered for the 2013 academic year at the School of Nursing, University of Namibia, Windhoek campus. Data were collected from a convenient sample of 403 students with a response rate of 95% (n = 383), through a self- administered questionnaire that focused on the six subcomponents of wellbeing. Descriptive and analytical analysis were applied to describe participants’ perceived wellbeing and to determine possible associations between the perceptions of wellbeing as a dependent variable and the independent variables. The findings indicated a significant overall low level of perceived wellbeing among all students irrespective of the study programme and levels of studies.