Browsing by Author "Shafudah, Natangue H."

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    An inexpensive new multipurpose refrectometer
    (University of Namibia, 2014) Shafudah, Natangue H.; Singh, Shyam
    A new yet very inexpensive refrectometer for the determination of refractive index and impurity in liquids at instant has been proposed. This refrectometer requires a high resolution grating, a low power laser and a position detector. The position detector analyses and determines the impurity in a liquid directly based on its refractive index. The use of a plane mirror enhances the accuracy of the refractive indices as the measurements of required parameters are greatly increased.
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    Measurement and comparison of refractive index of the water samples collected from different surface water sources in Namibia
    (University of Namibia, 2015) Shafudah, Natangue H.
    Refractive index is an important optical parameter that exhibits the optical properties of materials. Single-Diffraction Method (SDM) and Abbe’s Refractometer Method (ARM) have been used for the measurements of refractive indices of twelve water samples collected from different surface water sources in Namibia. SDM employs a diffraction grating, rectangular glass cell and Ne-He laser emitting a monochromatic light of 632.5 nm. Refractive indices of water samples were measured without knowledge of refractive indices of the diffraction grating and the rectangular glass cell, and without measuring the angles of refraction, reflection and diffraction of the laser light. Experimental values obtained for refractive indices of the twelve water samples are presented. By comparison of refractive index values from SDM and ARM, their refractive index uncertainties values were lower than 0.1. This uncertainty error could be attributed to SDM instrument limitation error. More-over, turbidity, salinity, hydrogen ions (pH) and density values were measured for the water samples. From the statistical model, there exist non linear regression between salinity, pH and turbidity and the results from refractive indices from both methods. However, a linear correlation between SDM and ARM refractive index values was found to exist. Moreover, the correlation seems to exist between refractive index and density of water samples which is more notable in sea water samples. The root test was found to be 0.9535~1 for refractive index measurements from SDM and ARM.
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    A study on cost analysis and implementation of solar power systems for rural development in Namibia: Case study - Onaushe village, Oshana Region in northern Namibia
    (University of Namibia, 2019) Katanga, Lusia; Shilongo, Elise; Shafudah, Natangue H.; Singh, Shyam
    In most developing countries, especially in rural and remote communities, lack of access to light energy is an obstacle to development. This paper presents a cost analysis study for the implementation of solar power systems in rural Namibia. The study mainly focuses on the contemporary cost for different lighting sources currently employed and compares it with the possible cost of a basic solar system being utilized. The data collected was obtained through a field survey with structured interview questions in Onaushe village, Oshana Region, northern Namibia. The results revealed that 87% of the sampled homesteads had no access to electricity and relied on traditional energy sources such as torches, candles, cellphones and firewood to meet their lighting needs. The study further found that solar power system has high initial cost compared to the lighting sources being used in rural areas. Recommendation for some relevant strategies that may enable the implementation of solar power systems are discussed.