Issue 1 (ISTJN. 10)

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Browsing Issue 1 (ISTJN. 10) by Subject "Groundwater"

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    Nitrate and bacteriological assessment of groundwater in Omaheke region, Namibia
    (University of Namibia, 2017) Claasen, Tiffany; Lewis, Earl W.
    In Namibia, a large percentage of the population uses water from sources such as rivers, wells and boreholes. The quality and safety of such water sources is generally considered poor, and therefore is a potential health hazard. Groundwater in boreholes does not go through a treatment process and therefore the cleanliness of water is a major concern. The main objectives of the study were to analyze groundwater for nitrate and bacteriological content, i.e. total coliforms, faecal coliforms, Enterococci and E.coli, as well as evaluate sanitation practices. The study area included 8 farms on the C20 road to Aranos, Omaheke region. The nitrate and bacteriological results were compared with the guidelines for safe drinking water used by NamWater and World Health Organization (WHO). The results showed that Groot Ums was the only farm having water unfit for human consumption (Grade D), Cristiana 1 had water that had a moderate risk factor (Grade C) to human health, while the rest of the 6 farms had very safe drinking water (Grade A and B). Based on the findings, short and long-term recommendations on sanitation practices were made to help farmers with the current water situation.
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    Utilization of water quality index (WQI) in water quality assessment of groundwater in Agbor metropolis, Delta State Nigeria
    (University of Namibia, 2017) Oboh, I.P.; Egun, N.K.
    A water quality index provides a single number that expresses the overall quality at a certain location and time based on several water parameters. The objective of the study was to calculate the Water Quality Index (WQI) of groundwater in Agbor metropolis, Delta State Nigeria in order to assess its suitability for drinking and domestic purposes. WQI was determined on the basis of various physico-chemical parameters namely pH, Electrical conductivity (EC), Turbidity, Total suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Dissolved Oxygen (DO), Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Sulphate, Nitrate, Phosphate, Chloride, Copper, Lead, Iron, Zinc and Cadmium. The calculation of the WQI was done using weighted arithmetic index method. The WQI was found to be 45.46 indicating that the groundwater in the study area is of good quality in its un- treated state quality and therefore safe for human consumption and domestic purposes.