Hypertension in sub-saharan Africa: cross-sectional surveys in four rural and urban communities

Simple item page
dc.contributor.authorHendriks, Marleen E.
dc.contributor.authorWit, F.W.
dc.contributor.authorRoos, Marijke T.
dc.contributor.authorBrewster, Lizzy M.
dc.contributor.authorAkande, Tanimola M.
dc.contributor.authorDe Beer, Ingrid H.
dc.contributor.authorMfinanga, Sayoki G.
dc.contributor.authorKahwa, A.M.
dc.contributor.authorGatongi, Peter
dc.contributor.authorVan Rooy, Gert
dc.contributor.authorJanssens, Wendy
dc.contributor.authorLammers, Judith
dc.contributor.authorKramer, Berber
dc.contributor.authorBonfrer, Igna
dc.contributor.authorGaeb, Esegiel
dc.contributor.authorVan der Gaag, Jacques
dc.contributor.authorWit, T.F.
dc.contributor.authorLange, Joep M.
dc.contributor.authorSchultsz, C.
dc.date.accessioned2016-06-09T07:47:57Z
dc.date.available2016-06-09T07:47:57Z
dc.date.issued2012
dc.description.abstractBACKGROUND: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of adult mortality in low-income countries but data on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors such as hypertension are scarce, especially in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). This study aims to assess the prevalence of hypertension and determinants of blood pressure in four SSA populations in rural Nigeria and Kenya, and urban Namibia and Tanzania. METHODS AND FINDINGS: We performed four cross-sectional household surveys in Kwara State, Nigeria; Nandi district, Kenya; Dar es Salaam, Tanzania and Greater Windhoek, Namibia, between 2009–2011. Representative population-based samples were drawn in Nigeria and Namibia. The Kenya and Tanzania study populations consisted of specific target groups. Within a final sample size of 5,500 households, 9,857 non-pregnant adults were eligible for analysis on hypertension. Of those, 7,568 respondents $18 years were included. The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of hypertension in each of the populations under study. The age-standardized prevalence of hypertension was 19.3% (95%CI:17.3–21.3) in rural Nigeria, 21.4% (19.8–23.0) in rural Kenya, 23.7% (21.3–26.2) in urban Tanzania, and 38.0% (35.9–40.1) in urban Namibia. In individuals with hypertension, the proportion of grade 2 ($160/100 mmHg) or grade 3 hypertension ($180/110 mmHg) ranged from 29.2% (Namibia) to 43.3% (Nigeria). Control of hypertension ranged from 2.6% in Kenya to 17.8% in Namibia. Obesity prevalence (BMI $30) ranged from 6.1% (Nigeria) to 17.4% (Tanzania) and together with age and gender, BMI independently predicted blood pressure level in all study populations. Diabetes prevalence ranged from 2.1% (Namibia) to 3.7% (Tanzania). CONCLUSION: Hypertension was the most frequently observed risk factor for CVD in both urban and rural communities in SSA and will contribute to the growing burden of CVD in SSA. Low levels of control of hypertension are alarming. Strengthening of health care systems in SSA to contain the emerging epidemic of CVD is urgently needed.en_US
dc.identifier.citationvan Rooy, G., Gaeb, E., & Hendriks, M.E., et al. (2012). Hypertension in sub-saharan Africa: cross-sectional surveys in four rural and urban communities. Plos ONE, 7(3), 1-10.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11070/1739
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.subjectHypertensionen_US
dc.subjectSub-sahara Africaen_US
dc.subjectRural & urban communitiesen_US
dc.titleHypertension in sub-saharan Africa: cross-sectional surveys in four rural and urban communitiesen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US
Files
Original bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
Thumbnail Image
Name:
van Rooy_Hypertension_2012.pdf
Size:
384.9 KB
Format:
Adobe Portable Document Format
Download
License bundle
Now showing 1 - 1 of 1
No Thumbnail Available
Name:
license.txt
Size:
1.71 KB
Format:
Item-specific license agreed upon to submission
Description:
Download
Collections
Research Articles (SSD)