Application of PCR technique to detect polymorphism of the KRTAP1.1 gene in three sheep breeds - A review
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Date
2021
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IntechOpen
Abstract
The quality of wool and pelt products depends on the quality of the wool and
pelt grown on farm. Genes coding for the proteins involved in the structural components of wool fibre; keratin intermediate filaments (KRTs) and keratin keratinassociated proteins (KAPs) have been extensively researched. The KAPs form a
matrix in which the KRTs are embedded. In sheep, KRTAP1.1 (previously B2A) is
one of the four genes encoding proteins that make up the KAP1.n family. The ovine
KRTAP1.1 gene is clustered with the KRTAP1.3 and KRTAP1.4 genes on chromosome 11. In this chapter, the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) – Applied Fragment
Length Polymorphism (AFLP) typing method used to detect polymorphism in the
KRTAP1.1 gene is reviewed. Three length variation KRTAP1.1 alleles; named A,
B and C, of the lengths 341 base pair, 311 base pair and 281 base pair, respectively
have been reported in three sheep breeds; Romney sheep of New Zealand, Merino
sheep of New Zealand and Swakara sheep of Namibia. Genetic variation within the
KRTs and KAPs can be further exploited to determine as to whether such variation
impacts on wool quality. The presence of genetic variation within KRTs and KAPs
offers opportunities for the development of gene markers affecting wool and pelt
quality traits
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Keywords
Genetic variation, KAPs, KRTs, KRTAP1.1, PCR, Pelt, Sheep, Wool, Namibia, University of Namibia