An investigation on non-motorised transport in small- and medium-sized towns in Namibia: Planning and policy paradigm shift
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Date
2025
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University of Namibia
Abstract
Non-Motorised Transport (NMT), including walking and cycling, is an important yet
underdeveloped mode of transportation in many developing countries, including
Namibia. Small- and medium-sized towns in Namibia, such as Tsumeb and Walvis
Bay, lack the planning and policies required to promote NMT, despite its potential to
improve sustainability, safety, and mobility. This study aims to investigate the
current state of NMT provision, challenges, and opportunities to improve its
availability in Tsumeb and Walvis Bay. A mixed methods approach was adopted to
thoroughly assess NMT infrastructure conditions, user experiences, and planning
tools and approaches by policy makers in Tsumeb and Walvis Bay. Primary data was
collected through NMT infrastructure assessments, engagements and user surveys
with policy makers, and stakeholder interviews with NMT users, while secondary
data was sourced from existing policy documents and academic literature.
Descriptive analysis was conducted to assess NMT infrastructure and user trends,
and a thematic analysis of the qualitative data from interviews with NMT users in
Tsumeb and Walvis Bay was conducted to identify challenges and potential
solutions. Quantitative data from policy maker surveys were analysed using the
Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) to understand the planning and implementation
perceptions, policies, and strategies in the study towns. The study findings reveal
inconsistent and poorly maintained NMT infrastructure in both towns, including
unpaved sidewalks, obstructed pathways, and a lack of designated bike lanes. These
limitations forced NMT users to share roadways with motorised vehicles, raising
safety concerns. Inadequate policy support, funding limitations, and poor
implementation of traffic laws further intensified these challenges. The study
recommends a phased strategy by developing NMT facilities that prioritise
accessibility, inclusivity, and safety. Improved stakeholder engagements and strong
policy frameworks are required to create sustainable and equitable transportation
systems in Namibian towns. This study offers useful insights for policy makers and
planners on strategies to effectively incorporate NMT into urban mobility policies in
Namibia
Description
A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of masters of science in Civil Engineering
Keywords
Non-motorised transport, Small- and medium-sized towns, NMT infrastructure, NMT policies, Namibia, University of Namibia