Assessment of hydraulic performance of the Eastern National Water Carrier, Namibia: Flumes three to four

dc.contributor.authorMutelo, Mukendoyi A.
dc.date.accessioned2022-01-24T12:28:32Z
dc.date.available2022-01-24T12:28:32Z
dc.date.issued2019
dc.descriptionA thesis submitted in fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Master of Science (Civil Engineering)en_US
dc.description.abstractIn response to drought impacts, water augmentation by developing more boreholes in the Grootfontein-Otavi karst area and increase the use of the Eastern National Water Carrier (ENWC) was prioritised. Hence, plans to increase water transportation should be based a sound understanding of the hydraulic behaviour of the ENWC. Thus, this study sought to utilise the HECRAS model for the primary objective of assessing the hydraulic performance of the section between flumes 3 and 4 i.e. evaluating the hydraulic behaviour of the ENWC and determining its maximum water transportation capacity using HEC-RAS as well as perform a rough estimate of leakage and evaporation losses. The results show that the mean Manning's roughness coefficients n = 0.099, 0.124, 0.028 and 0.038 were respectively found in Canal! and 2, and Siphon land 2. An assessment of observed and the predicted water depth exhibited a very good agreement, that yielded an R2 = 0.997. The estimated maximum capacity of the canal system between flumes 3 and 4 was found to be discharge Q = 0.3 m3/s while the flows accommodated in different sections of the canal ranged from Q = 0.3 to 1 m3 /s. A variation of the roughness coefficients did not seem to noticeably alter the estimated maximum capacity or influence the water levels of the normal flow regimes. With respect to leakage losses, the majority of canal sections i.e. Canal 1, Siphon 1 and Siphon 2, bad leakage losses of the order of20% or more of mean discharge in those respective sections. Therefore, it can be deducted that the hydraulic state of the aqueduct is undesirable when compared to the roughness condition n = 0. 015 of concrete-lined aqueducts. Hence robust strategies for operation and maintenance of the aqueduct are required.en_US
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/11070/3098
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherUniversity of Namibiaen_US
dc.subjectHydraulic performance assessmenten_US
dc.subjectwater supply sustainabilityen_US
dc.subjectManning's roughness coefficienten_US
dc.subjectLeakage lossen_US
dc.titleAssessment of hydraulic performance of the Eastern National Water Carrier, Namibia: Flumes three to fouren_US
dc.typeThesisen_US
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