Department of Enterprise Development and Management

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Adoption and utilisation of workplace e-learning practices in the public sector organisations: A systematic review
(Journal of learning for developement, 2023) Serema, Marguerite Margie; Shihomeka, Sadrag P.; Shalyefu, Rakel Kavena
The e-learning concept is increasingly receiving attention in education butthere seems to be inadequate guidance in developing a formal programme for implementing e-learning, especially in the public sector. Hence, this study focuses on aggregating information on the adoption and utilisation of e-learning in the public sector and attempting the development of a conceptual model for understanding workplace e-learning implementation. A systematic search of the literature was conducted to collect all the literature addressing the adoption and utilisation of e-learning in the public sector. This review brought to light key factors that influence the adoption and utilisation of e-learning amongst public sector employees, including attitude, satisfaction, behaviour intention, continuance intention, or behaviour to use e-learning. The adoption and utilisation of e-learning in the public sector requires a carefully thought-through and evidence-based approach, especially the development of the e-learning programme
An analysis of the effects of daily subsistence allowances expenditure on the overall budget and service goals of the Ministry of Safety and Security in Namibia
(University of Namibia, 2020) Egumbo, Raimo; Sunde, Tafirenyika
As per the State Finance Act, 1991, to reimburse out-of-pocket expenses for trave I expenses incurred when on work-related responsibilities and to encourage staff to attend professional development activities, the Daily subsistence allowances (DSA) rates had to be established. However, weaknesses in the control of daily subsistence allowances expenditure can cause problems, including distortions of human resource systems, fraud , and misuse by the staffs, which has the potential to affect government's objectives adversely through corruption. The purpose ofthis study was to analyse the effects of daily subsistence allowances expenditure on the overall budget and service goals ofthe Ministry of Safety and Security in Windhoek, Namibia as from the financial year 20 I 0/20 I I to 2015/2016. The analysis of daily subsistence allowances effects on the overall budget identifies the risks of malpractice and fraud and offer suggestions for improvement. The study applied mixed methods. The population size was 174 and the sample size comprised of I 08 respondents. The research instrument used in this study was a self-administered questionnaire, distributed to I 08 respondents. The study found out that, overspending has become the order ofthe day and this is done at the expense of service delivery. There was too much movement of members for the same mission and time. This revealed that there are no proper measures to control the activities when it comes to official missions. Sometimes staffs have created unnecessary missions just to earn extra income to solve their problems, and this harms daily subsistence allowances expenditure and the Ministry's overall budget. In addition to that, the study also found that there was a lack of financial control measures caused by poor management and lack of accountability regarding the use of daily subsistence allowances in the line Ministry. Given the findings of the research, the researcher recommends that theM inistry o fSafety and Security should make a yearly plan for their missions, which the line Minister are supposed to know by the beginning of the year. The Mission Committee must be the one in charge of the planning of the mission, organising, approval and knowing who is travelling while ensuring that people arc rotating fairly. This will help to improve the effectiveness of managing the Daily Subsistence Allowances expenditure
An assessment of in-service training of middle level employee's effectiveness in Manica in the Erongo region
(University of Namibia, 2017) Bundje, Lucia Ndemuningashi; Mugano, G.
This study sought to assess the effectiveness of in-service training of middle level employee effectiveness in MANICA in the Erongo Region. The study was guided by four main objectives: (I) to assessing the level of performance of employee after having successfully completed in-service training programmes at their workplace; (2) to investigate if the lack of training opportunities can caused a decline in employee performance; (3) to establish information systems that can promote in-service training programmes for all employees; and lastly, (4) provide underpinning knowledge and expertise in relation to MANICA 's in-service training programmes. Concurrently, the study followed a qualitative approach and primary data was collected from the middle level employees at MANICA , using a self-administered questionnaire. Collected data was analysed and interpreted using the inductive and deductive method approach, presenting data in graphs, charts and tabular format where necessary. The findings reveal that in-service training is indeed efficiently administered and contributes a significant role in the success of the organisation. The researcher study concludes that in-service training programmes have a positive impact towards employee performance and that organisations should consider making it part of their learning culture, ensuring that all training programmes are well customised to meet all employee training needs
An evaluation of service quality and challenges faced by the Namibia Students Financial Assistance Fund
(University of Namibia, 2020) Elago, Petrus Uugwanga Tulinane; Saruchera, Fanny
Service quality is the ability of the organization to meet or exceed customer expectations. The late payment of loans to the Higher Tertiary Institutions (HTI's) in Namibia has been a major concern to both students and parents for the past years. HTI's put students in jeopardy when they are not allowed to write their examinations or receive their examination results due to unpaid tuition fees. It is on this basis that the researcher intended to evaluate the quality of service being offered by NSF AF from the viewpoint of students and from NSF AF' s point of view as an institution. The objectives of the study were: to evaluate the customer perceptions of service quality at NSF AF; to determine if customers were satisfied with NSF AF service; to establish the service delivery challenges faced by NSF AF and to identify possible strategies to improve service efficiency at NSF AF. A mixed methodology of qualitative and quantitative was used in order to gain an understanding of underlying perceptions and opinions for staff members and beneficiaries. This study was a combination of descriptive research and exploratory research. A case study research design was adopted and primary data was collected using researcher administered questionnaires from 127 students and 89 NSF AF staff members who were randomly sampled. The study made use of both descriptive and inferential statistics in drawing conclusions from the results. The study found that there was a significant difference between the customers' perception of service quality at NSF AF and service offered by NSFAF. In addition, the study concluded that the majority of students were not satisfied with the service delivered by NSF AF. The study further revealed that internal business processes, IT systems, recovery, policies and procedures were the main internal challenges the fund was faced with. Furthermore, the study revealed that NSF AF had the necessary resources to deliver effective and timely service to customers. The study further concluded that government directives and the economic downturn were the main external challenges that NSF AF was faced with. The study recommends that NSF AF acquires proper IT systems, to train its staff members on customer care and service, disburse student funds timely, improve communication and hire more employees in order to improve and enhance service delivery
An evaluation of the effectiveness and efficiency of internal financial controls in state-owned enterprises in Namibia: A case study of the Namibia Development Corporation head office projects (Kavango Cattle Ranch and Naute) and regional offices
(University of Namibia, 2018) Ashipembe, Petrus Nuukushu; Matipira Lovemore
The thrust of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of internal financial controls in state owned enterprises in Namibia and this was done within the context of the Namibia Development Corporation. The investigation was done to examine the relationship that exists between internal financial control and financial accountability, and misappropriation of public funds. The investigation was prompted by the increase in public sector scandals and misappropriation of public funds in Namibia. The study employed a single case study research strategy to answer the research problem and the study used only senior executives, employees in the audit department, accounting and administration that were drawn from the organisation's head office in Windhoek, projects offices in Kavango cattle ranch and Naute as well as its regional offices countrywide. The participants were randomly selected. The questionnaire was used as the main research instrument of data collection and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences was employed for analysis. The study results showed that there is a significant positive relationship between financial accountability and fraud detection. According to the results of this study, there is a significant positive relationship between internal financial control and fraud detection, prevention of errors as well as financial accountability on the part of the NDC as an organisation that is owned by the state. Therefore, it was concluded that, state owned enterprises with effective internal financial controls can realise better financial accountability to their stakeholders. It was also established from the study that there was a significant positive relationship between internal financial control and protection of the interests of both the organisation and the employees. Thus, an improvement in internal financial control helps state owned organisations to improve service delivery and avoid a lot of misappropriation of funds. In relation to employees, it reduces the degree to which they may be accused of irregularities. The researcher recommends that state owned enterprises should continue to establish and strengthen their internal financial control systems in a bid to enhance financial accountability. This can be achieved through the implementation of policies, recruitment of competent employees and ensuring there are monitoring and evaluation systems in place
An investigation into the challenges faced by small and medium enterprises in utilising e-commerce in Windhoek, Namibia
(University of Namibia, 2021) Ashipala, Amenenge Ndeyapo; Muranda, Zororo
The E-commerce industry in Namibia is currently significantly underutilised by the SME sector. It is well established in research undertaken in other economies globally that improved utilisation of e-commerce by SMEs uplifts their perfonnance. This study aims to investigate the challenges faced by small and medium enterprises in utilising e-commerce. The study uses a case study approach with the City of Windhoek as the case. Methodologically the study used a qualitative research method. This study focussed on investigating the extent to which e-commerce is utilised by SMEs incubated by the City of Windhoek as well as their perceived challenges and benefits. The study interviewed eighteen (18) SME owners incubated at the City of Windhoek Bokamoso Incubation centre. Respondents were purposively selected and asked to respond to a set of semi-structured questions. Data collected in the study was analysed using thematic analysis, and the themes that emerged from their responses were discussed and supported with literature. The results suggest that these SMEs are aware of e commerce, and some are already utilising it. Those utilising e-commerce do so because of benefits like international trade, reduced costs, and the opportunity for a high customer base. On the action drivers, SMEs believe that they are driven to adopt e-commerce because of the demand from the market. In addition, they are driven by external parties such as the Ministry of Trade and Industry to use e-commerce. The challenges identified by the SMEs are organisational, financial, technical as well as legal and regulatory. Even though the SME owners understand e-commerce benefits, they are hindered from adopting e-commerce by lack of funds to purchase secured online systems that are not prone to fraud and the regulator's framework surrounding e-commerce in Namibia does not support various online payment methods. The study recommends a drive to implement e-commerce as part of the long-tenn business strategy. Regulatory institutions should also work on providing awareness and ease the regulatory framework surrounding e-payment and the attendant security measures. At policy level, the study recommends financial inclusivity through the number of on-line payment systems that are accessible to SMEs
An investigation into the effects of reward practices on job satisfaction and employee performance in Namibia Post Office
(University of Namibia, 2021) Damases, Faith Vivian Fritzlyn; Acha-Anyi, Paul Nkemngu
The study investigates the effects of reward practices on job satisfaction and employee performance in the Namibia Post Office (NamPost). More specifically, the study aims to determine whether employees are motivated and satisfied with current reward practices. The company has failed to keep up with new Namibia Post Office (NamPost)s and the company also has a high labour turnover. Emphasis is put on reward systems and types of rewards, Maslow's (Hierarchy of needs), Herzberg's Two Factor Theory, Vroom's Expectancy theory, Equity Theory, the Goal Setting Theory and Effort Reward Imbalance. This study was quantitative in nature with the descriptive research design. Disproportionate stratified sampling was used to draw a sample of 80 respondents for the study in categories of clerical, Supervisory and Specialist. The quantitative research falls short of explanations or expressions of respondents and therefore might fail to be conclusive as it might lack certain information. Sampling method may lead to selection of employees that might fail to understand the concept as it requires some appreciation of the concept to answer accordingly. A self-developed questionnaire with structured questions was administered to respondents The study used SPSS as the analysis software and the descriptive statistics and Pearson's cmTelation analysis, Chi-square goodness of fit tests and ANOVA were used to analyze the data and test the relationship between the variables. The findings indicated that reward system contributes to job satisfaction and employee performance. The study urges the organization to improve on the reward system in order to improve on its employee job satisfaction and performance
An assessment of the viability of merging the consumer education and corporate communications departments of NAMFISA
(2014) Naanda, Johannes
The aim of the study was to investigate the impact of the merger of the Consumer Education and Corporate Communications Departments in the Namibia Financial Institutions Supervisory Authority (NAMFISA). The uncertainty of the merger of the two departments necessitated the research of this kind in order to find out whether the merger of the two departments will be of best interest to the organization. The main objective of the research was to investigate and document the effects of merging the Consumer Education and Corporate Communications departments at NAMFISA. This study is a mixed approach that made use of quantitative and qualitative research which investigates the merger of consumer education department and corporate communications department at NAMFISA. The positivist research strategy was used for the descriptive study that includes the gathering and analysis of quantitative data. The responses to all items were classified and tabulated in different categories using the IBM SPSS 20 software. The coded data was analysed by means of One-Way Anova at significance level of .05 in order to determine the relationship of the variables. The major findings of the research pointed out that, there is much that needs to be done by NAMFISA in order to improve service delivery in terms of the merger of the two departments. Literature review has pointed out the need for the organisation to create employee awareness of the merger of the two departments. With this in mind, much has to be done to ensure efficiency and efficacy of service delivery of the merged departments.
A contrast of the benefits and challenges of public–private partnerships in land delivery and low income housing initiatives for the City of Windhoek
(Journal of Business Administration and Social Studies, 2023) Maseke, Bernardus Franco
The aim of the study was to determine the effectiveness of private–public partnerships on land delivery for housing development. A triangulation research design was used whereby both quantitative and qualitative data were collected in parallel and integrated as information in the final interpretation of the overall results. A sample size of 80 respondents was statically determined and randomly selected from a target population of 120 employees and beneficiaries of private–public partnerships using probability sampling. The study findings revealed that the City of Windhoek’s private–public partnerships model and housing initiatives for low-income earners fell short, in that to date, only a handful of those from the grassroots have benefited. The drawn conclusions were that, although the Triple-P model and housing initiatives were adopted to bridge the ever-widening gap of housing shortage, a need exists to create a community savings interest-earning fund that could enable low-income groups to acquire land and leverage additional government support to build houses. The study concluded that for effective execution of the private–public partnership initiative, monitoring, feedback, and evaluation of the project milestones should be implemented and consistently executed.
Customer satisfaction level among online banking customers of First National Bank Namibia (FNB)
(2022) Unengu, Viola K.; Maseke, Bernardus; De Menezes, Joaquim P.
Technological advancements have led to conception of new services for the benefit of customer, with online banking being one of such services. The online banking services have been introduced by banks to assist the customers in availing host of banking services comfortably, from any location and without any problems. However, the customer perceptions and attitudes with respect to the adoption of new technologies determine their satisfaction levels. Therefore, the present research was aimed at investigating the customer views regarding satisfaction level towards online banking. The study was conducted among customers (n=30) of FNB Namibia whom use online banking. The main objectives of the study were, to analyse the factors influencing customer’s adoption to online banking in Namibia, to identify the factors limiting the use of online banking by Namibians and to determine the factors that impact customer’s satisfaction level in online banking. In this study the researcher used qualitative research methodology, primary data was used due to the nature of the variable to be generated and the type of population characteristics, there were questionnaires to be answered by the respondents which was based on the research objectives. The study concludes that online banking services at FNB Namibia has a positive impact on customer satisfaction level, as it offers quality services to the benefit of the customers such as convenience, time saving, efficiency, speed and round-the clock availability of online banking services. Namibia, as a country, also stands to benefit from increased online banking usage by virtue of the improved financial inclusion in the economy as regards ease of access, availability and, usage of the formal financial system.
Effectiveness of performance management system on employee performance
(2022) Maseke, Bernardus F.; Unengu, Viola K.; Haufiku, Tuukondjelanee
The study objectives were, to identify the effectiveness of PMS on employee performances, secondly, to establish whether employees and managers understand the objectives/aims for PMS. Furthermore, to analyses if challenges faced by employees, have an effect on their performances. Finally, to outline possible Solution to the managers. A simple random sample of the 50 participants was selected from the population. Findings indicated employees strongly believe that performance counseling should be introduced in the organization. Furthermore, organization must provide training to employees on managing work balance stress. In addition, employees find it difficult to achieve their goals because no clear career path is provided. Performance feedback needs to be introduced in the organization to identify areas of weakness and strength and offer training where it is necessary. Moreover, the organization needs to introduce a career path based on performance management whereby those that perform better or above their goals get a rewarded. Furthermore, the employees urged management to explain and set clear objectives for individual employees at the beginning of every trimester. This will make it easy for individuals to achieve their objectives.
The effectiveness of private-public partnerships in land delivery for low-Income housing development for the City of Windhoek Namibia
(2022) Maseke, Bernardus F.; Liseli, Esther K.
This study sought to assess the effectiveness of the City of Windhoek Public Private Partnership model for land delivery and low-income housing initiatives. To gain in-depth knowledge and understanding of the topic, the research adopted a mixed method approach. A sample size of 80 respondents was statically determined and randomly selected from a target population of 120 employees and beneficiaries of PPPs using probability sampling. The study findings revealed that the City of Windhoek’s PPPs model and housing initiatives for low-income earners fell-short in meeting its objectives against the ever widening housing shortage, notably due to bureaucratic statutory approval processes, a lack and high cost of serviced land as well as high material costs. To date, only a handful of those from the grassroots have benefited. The drawn conclusions were that, although the Triple-P model and housing initiatives was adopted to bridge the ever-widening gap of housing shortage, the houses being built are not affordable to low-income earners. Henceforth, the study recommends that government should provide extended support to the grassroots groups, case in point through subsidized grants or arranged part payments at financial institutions whereby government could cover part of home-loan costs. Finally, effective program execution, monitoring, feedback and evaluation of the project milestones should be enhanced. Originality/Value: In this study we attempted to the effectiveness of private public partnerships in land delivery for low-Income housing development for the city of Windhoek Namibia.
Employee perceptions of Transnamib holdings' financial performance and corporate image
(2014) Nekundi, Veikko
The overall aim of this study was to assess TransNamib Holdings Limited corporate image and the financial performance results of internal opinion survey. In order to achieve this aim, the following specific objectives were formulated: to determine the relationship between financial performance and corporate image TransNamib Holdings Limited employees have; to recommend relevant strategies that will improve TransNamib Holdings Limited financial performance and subsequently its corporate image. The findings of the study were as follows: 16.1 % of stakeholders indicated that the poor image is caused by dilapidated infrastructures and demotivated workforce at TransNamib Holdings Limited. This situation has demotivated the productivity levels of the people and posed an operational risk. 50% of the respondents articulated that the poor image is caused by management while 20% of the respondents indicated that it is the board which is not responsive to the situation and 20% of the respondents stated that it is the old infrastructure that is causing the decline in financial performance. The remaining 10% of the respondents articulated that this situation is caused by shareholders. It is recommended that an operational audit is conducted in the various TransNamib Holdings Limited operational units in order to address this kind of identity crisis. Promoting good corporate governance is the first step in rehabilitating the poor corporate image. Conducting performance appraisals and setting performance targets for TransNamib Holdings Limited operational units is recommended. Finally, recapitalization of operations and restructuring personnel management practices might provide the needed stimulus to turn the losses into financial gains.
An evaluation of strategy implementation practices at the National Housing Enterprise (NHE)
(2014) Titus, Willem G.
The purpose of the study is threefold namely, to do an evaluation of the strategy implementation practices at the National Housing Enterprise (NHE) and to understand what are the current challenges and impeders that are hampering the implementation of the strategic plan as well as to make recommendations on how the implementation of the formulated and approved strategic plan can be improved in order to realise the goals and objectives as stipulated in the strategic plan. This study has applied the empirical research design methods using both primary and secondary data. Secondary data has been obtained from existing available literature and primary data from a case study. Documents such as the annual reports and departmental strategies have been used for this purpose. The study utilised qualitative data gathering techniques by means of focus group discussions and document analysis (research instruments). The study found that NHE does not have a systematic approach to strategy implementation. NHE also do not have a performance management system (PMS) that is link to strategy implementation. The rewards structure is also not link to strategy implementation. The lack of effective communication between the different departments was found to be a barrier to strategy implementation. The study concluded that there is a need for effective communication throughout the organisation that leads to a clear understanding of key roles and responsibilities of all stakeholders including middle managers. It further concluded that there is a need for the establishment of an effective strategic control system. This in turn requires the identification of clear performance targets and measures that deliver long-term value whilst mediating short-term demands. The study recommends that NHE fully implements the balanced scorecard approach.
Exploring ICT innovation factors among rural youth in Namibia
(2016) Maseke, Bernadus F.
Although innovation in Urban Namibia has been forth coming at a relatively slow phase, a few brilliant ICT innovations have serviced from especially the youth in urban Namibia. However despite the huge innovative potential of young people in rural Namibia, less young people are being innovative in everyday situations requiring innovative solutions. For Namibia to achieve its millennium objectives in becoming a knowledge based industrialized country the youth should become the drivers of innovation. It is against this backdrop that this study employed a quantitative methodology approach to determine the drivers and killers of innovation amongst Namibian youth. Data was collected from a convenience sample of 384 respondents using a self-administered structured questionnaire. Findings exhibit that the ICT Innovation is positively and significantly influenced by Usage of computer, Internet technology and computer technology.
Exploring the adoption of social media marketing among Namibia Stock Exchange listed companies
(2022) Unengu, Viola K.; Colombo, Elisdanio M.; Maseke, Bernardus F.
This study focused on examining and understanding the factors that influence the adoption of social media marketing among Namibia Stock Exchanged Listed Companies. The paper undertook an exploratory research design and a qualitative research approach to collect data from a target population of 38 companies of Namibia Stock Exchanged Listed Companies through interviews via zoom meetings, telephonic conversation and emails. It was discovered that companies understand what is social media marketing and its potential with regards to brand image, customer awareness and ease of customer and prospect reach. As per participants interviews, factors such as brand awareness, customer care, customer´s feedback, competitive advantage, financial return in the form of growth in sales, where some of the benefits that social media marketing has brought to their business so that for some companies a social media marketing manager is being taken into consideration as a permanent position. On the other hand, irrespective of what some companies might know about social media marketing, its usage is not part of their marketing strategic objectives. The fear to go through the hurdles of employing new technologies, organisational influences (top management), the competitive environment in which companies operate have a strong influence on the adoption of social media marketing.
Factors influencing clients in choosing insurance companies
(2021) Maseke, Bernardus F.; Iipinge, Dietilde N.
The paper was conducted to analyze different factors influencing clients’ choice of insurance companies. Insurance is essential for peace of mind, however, clients should be cautious when choosing insurers to avoid future disappointments. Clients should also be aware of fake agents, misrepresentation of information, fraud and coercion by agents and brokers. The main objective of this paper was to identify the factors that drive clients’ preferences in selecting insurance companies, whilst the second objective was to determine the relative importance of these particular factors (advertising, social and behavioral factors). This paper followed a survey design with questionnaires and 185 randomly selected participants from Keetmanshoop Namibia. The results showed that majority of participants chose insurers as a result of agents/broker persuasion, which is similar to what the majority of other researchers found in previous studies. None the less, 87% of participants are satisfied with their current insurers, leaving 13% unsatisfied and intending to switch to other insurers. In addition findings revealed a positive relationship between client’s relative importance of insurance and factors (social, advertising and behavioral factors).
Human resource development and dependencies in Namibian NGO'S
(1999) Van Mierlo, Jos
Includes abstract in English
Impact of employee benefits on teacher turnover in the public secondary education system, Namibia
(2007) Shihomeka, Sadrag P.
Over the last 5-10 years, the Namibian government has made positive efforts to improve the benefits and services offered to the teaching professionals in the public school education system. This followed heavy public criticisms about the deteriorating quality of the public education system and of its failure to meet the needs of the society as expected in the education act of 2001. The quality of the public education system suffers from a high rate of teacher turn-over largely benefiting the private sector and other parts of the public sector including some migraqtion to countries abroad. Some of the reasons given in teacher exit inetrviews include: terachers in the public sector are not well remunerated; they are not treated well, or taken care of. As a result of poor working conditions of the teachers, many of the young, educated, capable, experienced and skilled teachers left the education system and the gap is being taken up by poorly educated graduates from both the secondary education system and the tertiary education system
The impact of information and communication technology on the profitability of small and medium enterprises
(2021) Maseke, Bernardus F.; Melkisedek, Lusia N.
For the past decades, literature has shown that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) play an important role on the wellbeing of small and medium enterprises. Small medium enterprises acquire a satisfactory amount of benefits from using ICT tools, African countries like Kenya, South Africa and Cameroon show that the use of ICT in SMEs improve communication, promote teamwork, visibility of services since customers can use internet to read on a certain service, competitive advantage and employees are able to work remotely. However the problem is, SMEs are still using traditional tools to stay competitive in the market. With the above mentioned benefits there are certain challenges preventing SMEs from adopting ICT tools in their business such like lack of ICT infrastructure, security concern, lack of finance to purchase ICT tools and time barrier. Therefore, the aim of the study is to analyse the impact of ICT tools on the profitability of SME. A quantitative method was used to collect data in this thesis. The population of the study were registered SMEs in Keetmanshoop, close ended questionnaires was adopted to collected data and computerprogramme called excel was used to present the data in a form of charts and graphs.

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